Diesel Electric Power Plant – Layout, Working and Operation

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Diesel Electric Power Plant | For the generation of the electrical energy, the diesel used as the prime mover in the generation station is known as a diesel power plant. Today we are going to see about working principle and operation of diesel power station.

The Components in the Diesel Electric Power Plant

  • Diesel engine
  • Air filters
  • Engine starting system
  • Fuel system
  • Lubrication system
  • Cooling system
  • Governing system
  • Exhaust system

Diesel engine

The Diesel engine is one of the main device present in the diesel power plant. Mainly the diesel engines are classified into two types. They are 1. Two stroke engine and 2. Four stroke engine.
In the diesel engine, the engine is straight away joined to the generator to raise power. In the engine, the air entered in the cylinder should be compressed. Fuel should be injected by the last of the compression stroke. After the burning of the fuel, the burnt gases expand and apply pressure on the piston.
The shaft of the generator is straightly attached to the diesel engine. After the completion of the combustion, the burnt gases are ejected in the atmosphere.

Air Filters

They are used to remove the dust particles present in the air during the entrance into the diesel engine. Air filters are a dry air filter type which consists of wool or cloth. In case of the oil bath type filters the air is brushed over a bath of oil so the dust must be elements that get coated.

Engine starting system

In the diesel power plant, diesel engine used is not self-starting. Starting of the diesel engine includes the air tanks along with the air compressor. In the cold conditions, the diesel engine is started by delivering the air.

Fuel system

The system contains the fuel transfer pump, fuel pump, storage tank, heaters, and strainers. With the help of the Pumps, the diesel from the storing tank is drawn and with the help of the filter, it is supplied to the small day tank. Day tank delivers the day-to-day fuel essential for the engine.
In place of the high placed flows the day tank is used so that the diesel movements the engine takes place under gravity. Again the diesel filtered before it is injected into the engine with the help of fuel injection pump.

Utilization of Fuel Injection System

  • Initially, the fuel must be filtered
  • At the time of injection the correct quantity of fuel is to be injected into the system.
  • Injection, process must take place at a proper time.
  • The fuel supply must be regulated.
  • In the combustion furnace, atomized fuel must be separated properly.
  • According to loads of the plants the fuel must be supplied.
Lubrication system
This system must be includes oil tanks, coolers, pipes and oil pumps. The main aim of lubrication system is used to reduce the friction and reduce tear and wear of the engine components in the moving part. Like cylinder walls and piston. Due to the friction the Lubrication oil should be heated of and the moving parts are cooled earlier re-flow.
In the lubrication system, the oil is forced from the oil tank through the oil chiller. The oil is cooled with the cold water which enters the engine. After cooling of the hot oil the moving parts are returned into the lubricating oil tank.
Cooling system
The engine cylinder, the inside process of burning fuel high temperature is around 1300 to 2000 Celsius. In case we lower this temperature the water is dispersed through the engine. The water jacket covers the engine and the heat from the piston, cylinder, and combustion chamber must be passed by the flowing water.
The level of the hot water in the jacket is delivered through the heat exchanger. In the heat exchanger, the heat is carried away by the water which is circulated over the heat exchanger and the water is cooled in the cooling tower.
Governing system
It is used to control the speediness of the engine. The governing system is completed by changing the fuel stream permitting it to the engine load.
Exhaust system
The exhaust gases approaching out of the engine are very loud. To reduce the sound a silencer is used.
Final Word
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